Case study 03 Unit economics 2026-03 – 28 Sep 2026

We paid $108.11 for calls
that returned nothing.

Six months of running an autonomous agent as a business, billed to the row. The surprise was not what the good calls cost. It was that 44.1% of every model call the system ever made came back as an error — and we were charged 16.6% of the total bill to receive them.

$649.41total model spend, six months
31,934calls made
44.1%of those calls failed
$108.11billed for the failures
Source: the agent's own usage ledger, every row, re-summed nightly Read the caveat before quoting the daily rate
The shape of it

One month cost half of everything

Here is the whole history. Apr is not a trend, it is an accident — and an instructive one, because nobody noticed it while it was happening.

Mar$26.18
Apr$309.89
May$75.86
Jun$61.13
Jul$86.67
Aug$78.88
Sep*$10.80

* Sep is a partial month (28 days). Bars are scaled to Apr. Every figure is the sum of the usd field across the usage ledger for that month.

What a blowout looks like from the inside

Apr was $309.89 across 23,065 calls — 48% of six months' spend in four weeks. Two things caused it. The system was routed to a reasoning model priced at $30 per million in, $180 per million out, and it was running multi-agent strategy panels that fan a single question out to several expensive models at once. 1,040 calls to that one model cost $93.51 by themselves.

Nothing was broken. No alert fired, because no cap was breached — the global daily ceiling was never close to binding. The bill was simply the honest price of a routing decision nobody had costed, made once and left in place for a month.

Same model class, a generation later, is a sixth of that price. Most of what looks like optimisation above is just the market moving underneath us — worth saying out loud, because it is not a skill we can claim.

The actual finding

The waste was not the model price. It was a panel that kept failing.

Every cost conversation about agents is about picking a cheaper model. Ours turned out to be about something duller: a strategy panel. Each strategy question went to three models at once and their answers were merged. The seats failed thousands of times, often all three together, and the ledger priced every failed call.

Failed calls — 14,069 of 31,934, at $108.11
Panel modelFailed callsPriced atWhat we know
A preview model4,899$23.85never answered: not one live row in the ledger, and it kept its seat into July
A general workhorse4,546$27.46not dead: it answered live throughout. Nearly all of these fell in April, when all three seats failed together
A frontier model on an empty account4,453$54.16the account's API credits ran out that spring and the seat stayed on the panel
Three panel models13,898$105.4798.8% of all failures

The preview model is the one that stings. It sat on the panel from March to July and failed 4,899 times without returning a single answer of its own. It did not look broken from the outside: the panel still handed back something every time — the other seats’ answers when they worked, canned text when they did not.

Why a failing panel is invisible

A panel is designed to absorb a missing seat. One seat fails, the others answer, and the merge still reads like an answer. When every seat failed at once, the agent fell back to canned text — and canned text reads like an answer too. Nothing upstream could tell “the panel answered” from “one seat has not answered since March.” The system reported healthy, and every run still added priced rows to the ledger.

We only found it by parsing the usage ledger by status rather than by model — which is not a view any dashboard offers by default, because the interesting number is a ratio between two columns nobody thinks to divide.

Read this before quoting the number

The daily rate is not pure efficiency

Sep's $10.80 over 28 days works out to about 39 cents a day, and it would be dishonest to present that as pure efficiency. Much of the agent's reasoning moved onto a subscription-authenticated path that this ledger does not bill at all. Some capability got cheaper. Some capability simply stopped appearing on this particular invoice.

The ledger has other blind spots we know about: a dozen scripts that call models directly instead of through the router, all gateway traffic, and any model whose price the system doesn't recognise, which logs as $0.00 rather than as unknown. A cost figure with unlisted exclusions is a marketing number. These are ours.

What transfers

Four rules, if you are running agents on a budget

Rule 01

Audit by status first

Cost per successful result is the only figure that means anything. Ours was 20% higher than the sticker price on every model we used, and no per-model view would ever have shown that.

Rule 02

A seat that never answers is not a second opinion

It is a line item. Pull a panel seat the day it stops answering, make an empty panel fail loudly instead of returning canned text, and report which seats answered, not just that something did.

Rule 03

Price the routing, not the model

The Apr blowout was one configuration change nobody costed. Caps didn't catch it because caps guard against runaway volume, and this was ordinary volume at six times the unit price.

Rule 04

Cut waste, never capability

Every saving above came from deleting calls that produced nothing, or from prices falling. Not one came from giving the agent a weaker model for the same job. A cheaper agent that makes worse decisions is not a saving, it is a slower way to lose money.

The offer

What the $649.41 bought

Six months of an agent running a business end to end — and, since 28 Aug, 2,388 cold emails for a paying-client campaign that produced its first held meeting. That story is published with the same discipline as this one: full denominator, failures included.

Rick Acquisition — $800/month

Figures re-summed nightly from the agent's usage ledger — 31,934 rows as of 28 September 2026, every one parsed, nothing sampled. Model names are generalised because the specific versions date faster than the lesson does. Prices quoted are those in effect when the calls were billed and are not current vendor pricing. No model vendor is affiliated with or has endorsed this page.

Running an acquisition agent in public · part 3 of 3

The other two